José Lambert (born 1941, in Wingene, Belgium) is a Professor of Comparative Literature best known for his work in Translation Studies. In 1989 he created a special research program in Translation Studies at KU Leuven. This was to become the basis of the Centre for Translation Studies (CETRA), a research summer school of which Lambert is Honorary President. In 1989 Lambert co-founded, with Gideon Toury, Target, International Journal of Translation Studies.
Lambert studied French Language and Literature at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. In 1972 he obtained his doctorate in Comparative Literature with work on the reception of Ludwig Tieck. He then started teaching at the same university, becoming full professor in 1979. He became Emeritus Professor of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven in 2006. Since 2011 he has been Visiting Professor at the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil.
Lambert has been a guest professor at Penn State University, New York University, the University of Alberta, the University of Amsterdam and the Sorbonne. He was European Secretary of the International Comparative Literature Association from 1985 to 1991.