John McElhone (16 June 1833 – 6 May 1898) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Sydney to milk vendor Terence McElhone and Catherine Mallon. He attended St Mary's Seminary School and was an apprentice seaman from 1851. In 1859 he was a commercial agent, and from 1867 to 1872 he was a merchant dealing with hide and tallow. On 5 February 1862 he married Mary Jane Browne, with whom he had nine children. A Sydney City alderman from 1878 to 1882, he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1875 as the member for Upper Hunter. In 1882 he was concurrently elected for both Upper Hunter and East Sydney, resigning from East Sydney shortly after. In 1883 he was challenged by Adolphus Taylor to resign his seat and recontest; he did so successfully, but was defeated by Taylor in the concurrent by-election in Taylor's seat of Mudgee. He lost Upper Hunter in 1885 but returned in 1887, retiring in 1889. Associated with the Free Trade Party, he ran unsuccessfully in 1891 and 1894 before winning election to the seat of Sydney-Fitzroy in 1895. He died at Potts Point in 1898.