John Leyburn
|
The Right Reverend John Leyburn |
|
|---|---|
| Vicar Apostolic of England | |
| Appointed | 30 January 1688 |
| Term ended | 20 June 1702 |
| Predecessor | Richard Smith |
| Successor | Bonaventure Giffard |
| Other posts | Titular Bishop of Adramyttium |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 9 September 1685 by Federico Baldeschi Colonna |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1615 Cunswick, near Kendal, Westmorland |
| Died | 20 June 1702 (aged 86–87) London |
| Nationality | English |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| Parents | John Leyburn and Catharine Carr |
| Alma mater | English College, Douai |
John Leyburn (1615 – 20 June, 1702) was an English Roman Catholic bishop who served as the Vicar Apostolic of England from 1685 to 1688 and then when it was divided served as the Vicar Apostolic of the London District from 1688 to 1702. He was not only a theologian, but also a mathematician, and an intimate friend of Descartes and Hobbes.
He was the fourth son of John Leyburn and Catharine Carr, nephew of George Leyburn, and descended from Westmorland MP Sir James Leyburn. He was educated at the English College, Douai, where he was admitted a student on 20 June 1633. He received holy orders, was engaged for some time in teaching the classics in the college. During the time of the English Civil War he was tutor to Francis Browne, eldest son of Viscount Montague, and made the Grand Tour with his pupil. He was one of the divines recommended to the authorities at Rome in 1657 as successor to Richard Smith, Titular Bishop of Chalcedon, as Vicar Apostolic of England. For about twelve years he resided in England as domestic chaplain in the family of Lord Montague. Unlike his uncle, he regarded the Old Chapter in England as validly erected, and confirmed by the Holy See.
He was appointed President of the English College at Douai, that post being surrendered to him by his uncle George Leyburn, in May 1670. He resigned the presidency in 1676, and went to Rome, when he became secretary and auditor to Cardinal Philip Howard. In a particular congregation for English affairs held in the Quirinal Palace on 6 August 1685, the Propaganda, on the relation of the Cardinal, elected Leyburn vicar-apostolic of all England, and the Pope gave his approbation the same day. He was consecrated at Rome on 9 September, with the title of bishop of Adrumetum, in partibus. In the following month he arrived in London, and James II lodged him in St. James's Palace, and allowed him a pension of £1,000 a year. With him came Ferdinando d'Adda, as papal nuncio. He made a pastoral visitation of the kingdom, administering confirmation to many people, for there had been no catholic bishop resident in England since 1629. During his residence at court he was on terms of intimacy with Thomas Cartwright, bishop of Chester.
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