John I Ernuszt
| John (I) Ernuszt | |
|---|---|
| Ban of Slavonia | |
| Reign | 1473–1476 |
| Predecessor | Damian Horvát |
| Successor | Ladislaus Egervári |
| Born | c. 1420 |
| Died | after 3 March 1476 |
| Noble family | House of Ernuszt |
| Spouse(s) | Catherine N |
| Issue | |
| Father | unknown |
John Ernuszt, Sr. (Hungarian: csáktornyai Ernuszt János; died after 3 March 1476) was Ban of Slavonia from 1473 to 1476. He was born into a Jewish family in Vienna. He moved to Buda, the capital of the Kingdom of Hungary, and converted to Roman Catholicism. He became a purveyor to the royal court, which enabled him to meet Matthias Corvinus, King of Hungary. His career in the administration of royal revenues began in 1461, with responsibility for the collection of the thirtieth (a custom duty) in Pozsony County. He purchased copper mines in Upper Hungary (now Slovakia) in 1466.
Ernuszt inspired Matthias's reform of the royal revenues (especially the centralization of their administration and the abolishment of tax exemptions) in 1467. In the same year, the king made him royal treasurer. Six years later, he was appointed ban of Slavonia and became one of the barons of the realm. His most estates were confiscated in the early 1470s, but he had secured the aristocratic status of his family.
John was born into a Jewish family in Vienna. The date of his birth is unknown. He was also known as John Hampó. He was first mentioned as a burgher in Buda in 1457 or 1458, showing that he had moved from Vienna to the capital of the Kingdom of Hungary. He converted to Roman Catholicism. Since he regularly delivered goods to the royal court, he was introduced to Matthias Corvinus, King of Hungary. Before long, the king made him knight of the royal court.
Emeric Zápolya, who was royal treasurer between 1459 and 1464, tasked John with the administration of the thirtieth (a custom duty) in Pozsony County in 1461. John, and two burghers of Buda, Lawrence Bajoni and Stephen Kovács, concluded an agreement and took charge of the administration of the same tax in the whole kingdom in 1464. John Túz (a former royal treasurer) and John Ernuszt bought two copper mines at Besztercebánya (now Banská Bystrica in Slovakia) and a house in the town from Stephen Jung in 1466. Ernuszt inspired Matthias Corvinus's reform of the royal revenues, especially the centralization of their administration and the abolishment of previous tax exemptions. Matthias also decided to mint new, stable pennies on Ernuszt's advice.
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