John Gilbert Talbot PC (24 February 1835 – 1 February 1910), was a British Conservative Party politician.
Talbot was the son of the Honourable John Chetwynd-Talbot, fourth son of Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 2nd Earl Talbot. His mother was the Honourable Jane Caroline, daughter of James Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 1st Baron Wharncliffe, grandson of Prime Minister John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute. The Right Reverend Edward Talbot, Bishop of Winchester, was his younger brother and Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, 18th Earl of Shrewsbury, his uncle.
Talbot entered Parliament at the 1868 general election for Kent West, a seat he held until 1878, when he resigned to fight a by-election in the Oxford University constituency. He won the by-election, and held that seat until he stepped down at the January 1910 general election. He served under Benjamin Disraeli as Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade from 1878 to 1880 and was sworn of the Privy Council in 1897.
Talbot married the Honourable Meriel Sarah, daughter of George Lyttelton, 4th Baron Lyttelton, and sister of the Honourable Alfred Lyttelton, in 1860. They had four sons and six daughters. Their eldest son Sir George Talbot was a Judge of the High Court of Justice while their daughter Dame Meriel Talbot became a public servant and women's welfare worker. Talbot died in February 1910, aged 74. His wife survived him by fifteen years and died in April 1925.