John C. Calhoun II
| John Caldwell Calhoun II | |
|---|---|
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Calhoun circa 1902
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| Born |
John Caldwell Calhoun II July 9, 1843 Demopolis, Alabama |
| Died | December 18, 1918 (aged 75) Manhattan, New York City |
| Occupation | Planter, businessman |
| Spouse(s) | Lennie Adams |
| Children | 3 sons, 1 daughter |
| Parent(s) | Andrew Pickens Calhoun Margaret Green Calhoun |
| Relatives |
Patrick Calhoun (brother) John C. Calhoun (paternal grandfather) |
John Caldwell Calhoun II (1843-1918) was an American planter and businessman. He was a large landowner in Chicot County, Arkansas and a Director of railroad companies. He was a prominent financier and developer of the "New South".
He was born on July 9, 1843 in Demopolis, Alabama. His father, Andrew Pickens Calhoun, was a planter. He had a brother, Patrick Calhoun. His paternal grandfather, John C. Calhoun, served as the Vice President of the United States from 1825 to 1829.
He was educated in Demopolis, Alabama. He graduated from South Carolina College in 1863.
During the American Civil War of 1861-1865, he served in the Confederate States Army (CSA).
In 1866, Calhoun entered in a partnership with James R. Powell, a businessman from Montgomery, Alabama, whereby he moved freedmen from the Southeast to Yazoo County, Mississippi, where they worked on new plantations. A year later, he decided to do this on his own, and on a larger scale. Over the years, he moved over 5,000 freedmen from North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and Alabama to the Yazoo Valley of Mississippi.
By 1869, Calhoun moved to the Florence Plantation in Chicot County, Arkansas, which was inherited by his wife through her mother. By 1881-1882, he acquired a few more plantations in Chicot County: Harwood, Hebron, Luna, Fawnwood, Patria, Hyner's, and Latrobe. He also acquired the Sunnyside Plantation from the Starling family for US$90,000. He also acquired the Lakeport Plantation from his mother-in-law. He established the Calhoun Land Company, the Florence Planting Company, and the Chicot Planting Company. He teamed up with investors J. Baxter Upham of Boston and Austin Corbin of New York City. However, due to heavy debt, by 1885, he let his brother divest of their Arkansas landholdings.
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