John Barnewall, 3rd Baron Trimleston (died 25 July 1538), was an Irish nobleman, judge and politician. He was the eldest son of Christopher Barnewall, 2nd Baron Trimlestown and his wife Elizabeth Plunket, daughter of Sir Thomas Fitz-Christopher Plunket of Rathmore, Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench in Ireland, by his second wife Marian Cruise. He succeeded his father as 3rd Baron about 1513.
His ancestors came over originally with Henry II and received large grants of land in County Cork. However, on the first favourable opportunity the old proprietors, the O'Sullivans, rose and murdered the whole family save one young man, who was absent studying law in England. He ultimately returned and settled at Drimnagh, near Dublin.
The subject of our sketch rose to high office in Ireland under Henry VIII; he was knighted around 1513, and received grants of land near Dunleer. He was unusual among the Irish nobility in his time both in his professional legal skills and his willingness to hold judicial office: O'Flanagan suggests that in becoming a judge he wished to follow the distinguished example of his grandfather, Chief Justice Plunket. He was made Attorney General for Ireland in 1504, Solicitor General for Ireland and King's Sergeant shortly after, a justice of the Court of King's Bench (Ireland) in 1514, Deputy Treasurer and then Lord Treasurer of Ireland in 1524 and Lord Chancellor of Ireland in 1534. O'Flanagan praises him as an expert on finance as well as law, but adds somewhat cynically that his greatest talent was for looking after his own interests, as evidenced by the substantial grants of lands at Dunleer made to him by the English Crown.