Jeter C. Pritchard
| Jeter Connelly Pritchard | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | |
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In office April 27, 1904 – April 10, 1921 |
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| Appointed by | Theodore Roosevelt |
| Preceded by | Charles Henry Simonton |
| Succeeded by | Edmund Waddill, Jr. |
| Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia | |
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In office November 10, 1903 – June 1, 1904 |
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| Appointed by | Theodore Roosevelt |
| Preceded by | Harry M. Clabaugh |
| Succeeded by | Wendell Phillips Stafford |
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United States Senator from North Carolina |
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In office January 23, 1895 – March 4, 1903 |
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| Preceded by | Thomas J. Jarvis |
| Succeeded by | Lee S. Overman |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
July 12, 1857 Jonesboro, Tennessee |
| Died | April 10, 1921 (aged 63) Asheville, North Carolina |
| Political party | Republican |
Jeter Connelly Pritchard (July 12, 1857 – April 10, 1921) was a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of North Carolina between 1895 and 1903. He was the only Republican to represent a southern state in the United States Senate during that time. Democrats controlled most of the Southern state legislatures and selected Democratic senators, under the process of the time. They had disenfranchised most blacks and Republicans by new constitutions and laws from 1890 to 1908 that raised barriers to voter registration and excluded blacks from the political system.
Pritchard was replaced by the Democratic-dominated state legislature in 1902, but the following year, he was appointed as a judge to the federal district court in Washington, DC by President Theodore Roosevelt. In 1904 Roosevelt appointed Pritchard to the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, based in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as justice to his death.
After the successful Republican-Populist coalition in several southern states at the end of the 19th century had temporarily gained governorships and sometimes control of state legislatures, when the Democrats returned to power they worked to secure their position. They wanted to prevent future competition from the Republican and Populist parties, so disenfranchised blacks in the South.
In North Carolina Pritchard became a prominent leader of the Lily-White Movement, an effort in the South during the early 20th century to drive the relatively few remaining blacks out of the Republican Party. The relatively small number of white Republicans in the state wanted to take control of the party entirely.
Pritchard was born in Jonesborough, Tennessee, in the eastern part of the state which had been Unionist during the Civil War and where the Republican Party was competitive. He attended local schools.
He moved to North Carolina, where he became a newspaper editor/publisher and later a lawyer. He had joined the Republican Party while living in eastern Tennessee and became active in it in western North Carolina. He was elected to the North Carolina House of Representatives from Madison County in 1884, 1886, and 1890. He ran as a Republican candidate for lieutenant governor in 1888 but was defeated.
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