Jeroboam's Revolt
| Jeroboam's Revolt | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
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| Belligerents | |||||||
|
Kingdom of Samaria (Ten Lost Tribes) Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt |
Kingdom of Judah | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Jeroboam Shishak |
Rehoboam Abijam |
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| Strength | |||||||
| At least 800,000 soldiers 72,000 Egyptian warriors |
At least 580,000 soldiers | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 500,000 soldiers | Fewer | ||||||
Decisive Judahite victory.
Jeroboam's Revolt (Hebrew: יִפְשְׁעוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּבֵית דָּוִד, translit. Yip̄šə'ū Yisrā'ēl bəḇēṯ Dāwîḏ: Israel's revolt against the House of David) was an armed insurrection against the United Monarchy of Israel lead by Jeroboam in the late 10th century BCE, referring to the independence of the Kingdom of Samaria and the subsequent civil war during Jeroboam's rule, as described by the First Book of Kings and the Second Book of Chronicles of the Hebrew Bible. The conflict began shortly after the death of Solomon and lasted until the Battle of Zemaraim. The conflict began due to conflict under the rule of Solomon's successor, his son Rehoboam, and was waged with the goal of breaking away from the United Monarchy of Israel. Though this goal was achieved very early on in the conflict, the war continued throughout the duration of Rehoboam's reign and well into the reign of his son, Abijam, who defeated the armies of Jeroboam but failed to reunite the kingdoms.
Jeroboam had fled to Egypt decades prior to the war after he was discovered to be plotting to rule over ten of the twelve Tribes of Israel, and lived under the protection of the pharaoh Shishak, probably Shoshenq I. Following the news of Solomon's death in 931 BCE, Jeroboam ventured back to the kingdoms of Israel, now under the rule of Solomon's son Rehoboam. Rehoboam's rule had been comparatively less appreciated than his father's, having been advised to show no weakness to the people, and to tax them even more. Jeroboam, as part of a delegation, went before Rehoboam and petitioned for a cap on taxes, which Rehoboam refused. Following the rejection, ten of the tribes withdrew their allegiance to the house of David and proclaimed Jeroboam their king, forming Samaria. Only the tribes of Judah and Benjamin remained loyal to Rehoboam in the new kingdom of Judah.
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