Jeju Special Autonomous Province
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Jeju Province 제주도 |
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| Special Self-Governing Province | |||
| Korean transcription(s) | |||
| • Hangul | |||
| • Hanja | |||
| • McCune‑Reischauer | Cheju T'ŭkpyŏl Chach'ido | ||
| • Revised Romanization | Jeju Teukbyeoljachi-do | ||
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| Country | South Korea | ||
| Region | Jeju | ||
| Capital | Jeju City | ||
| Subdivisions | 2 cities; 0 counties | ||
| Government | |||
| • Governor | Won Hui-ryong (Bareun) | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 1,849 km2 (714 sq mi) | ||
| Area rank | 9th | ||
| Population (October, 2014) | |||
| • Total | 604,771 | ||
| • Rank | 9th | ||
| • Density | 327.1/km2 (847/sq mi) | ||
| Metropolitan Symbols | |||
| • Flower | Chamkkot | ||
| • Tree | Cinnamomum camphora | ||
| • Bird | Woodpecker | ||
| Area code(s) | +82-64-7xx | ||
| Dialect | Jeju | ||
| Website | Official Website | ||
| Native name: 제주도/濟州島 | |
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Jeju Island, South Korea
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| Geography | |
| Location | East Asia |
| Archipelago | Jeju |
| Area | 1,848 km2 (714 sq mi) |
| Length | 73 km (45.4 mi) |
| Width | 31 km (19.3 mi) |
| Highest elevation | 1,950 m (6,400 ft) |
| Highest point | Hallasan |
| Administration | |
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South Korea
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| Special Self-Governing Province | Jeju-do |
| Largest settlement | Jeju City (pop. 408,364) |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 583,284 |
| Ethnic groups | Korean |
Jeju Province, officially the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, is one of the nine provinces of South Korea. The province is situated on and with the nation's largest island of Jeju (Hangul: 제주도; RR: Jejudo; Korean pronunciation: [tɕe.dʑu.do]), formerly transliterated as Cheju, Cheju Do, etc., or known as Quelpart to Europeans. The island lies in the Korea Strait, southwest of South Jeolla Province, of which it was a part before it became a separate province in 1946. Its capital is Jeju City.
According to legend, three demi-gods emerged from Samsung which is said to have been on the northern slopes of Mt. Halla and became the progenitors of the Jeju people who founded the Kingdom of Tamna.
It has also been claimed that three brothers—including Ko-hu—who were the 15th descendants of Koulla, one of the Progenitors of the Jeju people, were received by the court of Silla, at which time the name Tamna was officially recognized, while the official government posts of Commander, Prince and Governor were conferred by the court upon the three. However, there is no concrete evidence of when the "Three Names" (Samseong-Ko, Yang and Pu) appeared nor for the exact date of when Ko-hu and his brothers were received by Silla. It may be supposed that the "Three Names" Founding Period occurred during the Three Kingdoms (Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla) Period on the mainland of Korea.
Taejo, founder of Goryeo, attempted to establish the same relationship between Goryeo and Tamna as Tamna had had with Silla. Tamna refused to accept this position and the Goryeo court dispatched troops to force Tamna to submit. Ko ja-gyeon, chief of Tamna, submitted to Goryeo in 938 and sent his son, Prince Mallo, to Goryeo's court as a de facto hostage. In 1105 (King Sukjong's 10th year), the Goryeo court abolished the name Takna which had been used up to this time and, from that year on, the island was known as "Tamna-gun" (district) and Goryeo officials were sent to handle the affairs of the island.
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