Jean-Marguerite Tupinier
| Jean Marguerite Tupinier | |
|---|---|
Portrait from Panthéon des illustrations françaises au XIXe siècle, c.1865
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| Born |
18 December 1779 Cuisery, Saône-et-Loire, France |
| Died | 2 December 1850 (aged 70) Paris, France |
| Nationality | French |
| Occupation | Naval engineer, politician |
| Known for | Minister of Navy and Colonies |
Jean Marguerite Tupinier (18 December 1779 – 2 December 1850) was a French naval engineer and politician. In 1839 he was briefly Minister of Navy and Colonies.
Jean Marguerite Tupinier was born in Cuisery, Saône-et-Loire, on 18 December 1779. His parents were the deputy Jean Tupinier and Claudine Royer. He was the oldest of their three sons. He entered the École Polytechnique on 13 December 1794 and graduated as a trainee naval engineer on 21 December 1796. He was employed in marine engineering in Brest, Toulon. He was the engineer of the naval squadron that undertook the Santo Domingo expedition of 1801-03.
For some time after his return Tupinier was attached to the port of Le Havre. He then became one of the engineers of the fleet assembled at Boulogne to invade England. When this army was broken up he went to Genoa in 1805, then to Venice in 1806. He remained in charge of the Lido dockyard until 1811. In 1813 he returned to Boulogne to monitor the sale or use of military material from the fleet. He was a Deputy Director at the Department of the Navy in 1814, and a Division Chief during the Hundred Days.
Tupinier was disgraced at the second Bourbon Restoration and sent to Angoulême in the forestry department of the Navy. After eighteen months Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr called him to work at the ministry as deputy director of ports in 1818, and director in 1823. He supervised major improvements to the ports of Toulon, Brest, Rochefort, Lorient and Cherbourg. He was part of the Commission de Paris of 1834 that designed the Suffren-class ship of the line.
In 1824 he was appointed Master of Requests at the Council of State. In 1828 he became a state councilor under the Martignac ministry. As Inspector General of Marine Engineering, he presided over organization of the fleet that carried the expeditionary army in the invasion of Algiers in 1830. He suggested the requirements for the Hercule-class ship of the line, launched in 1836-54 to fill the gap between the 90-gun Suffren-class battleship and the 120-gun three-decker ships of the Valmy design.
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