James O. Eastland
| James Eastland | |
|---|---|
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United States Senator from Mississippi |
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In office January 3, 1943 – December 27, 1978 |
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| Preceded by | Wall Doxey |
| Succeeded by | Thad Cochran |
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In office June 30, 1941 – September 28, 1941 |
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| Appointed by | Paul B. Johnson, Sr. |
| Preceded by | Pat Harrison |
| Succeeded by | Wall Doxey |
| President pro tempore of the United States Senate | |
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In office July 28, 1972 – December 27, 1978 |
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| Deputy | Hubert Humphrey (1977–1978) |
| Preceded by | Allen J. Ellender |
| Succeeded by | Warren G. Magnuson |
| Chairman of the Senate Committee on the Judiciary | |
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In office 1956–1978 |
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| Preceded by | Harley M. Kilgore |
| Succeeded by | Ted Kennedy |
| Member of the Mississippi House of Representatives | |
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In office 1928–1932 |
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| Personal details | |
| Born |
James Oliver Eastland November 28, 1904 Doddsville, Mississippi, U.S. |
| Died | February 19, 1986 (aged 81) Doddsville, Mississippi, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) | Elizabeth Coleman Eastland |
| Children | Four children |
| Alma mater |
University of Mississippi Vanderbilt University University of Alabama |
| Profession | Cotton planter |
| Religion | Methodist |
James Oliver Eastland (November 28, 1904 – February 19, 1986) was an American politician from Mississippi who served in the United States Senate as a Democrat in 1941; and again from 1943 until his resignation on December 27, 1978. From 1947 to 1978, he served alongside John C. Stennis, also a Democrat. At the time, Eastland and Stennis were the longest-serving Senate duo in American history, though their record was subsequently surpassed by Strom Thurmond and Ernest Hollings of South Carolina, who served together for thirty-six years. Eastland was also the most senior member of the Senate at the time of his retirement in 1978. He compiled a conservative record in support of the Conservative coalition. A wealthy plantation owner, Eastland was best known nationally as a symbol of Southern support of racial segregation in most of his years in the Senate.
Eastland was born in Doddsville, in the Mississippi Delta, the son of Woods Caperton Eastland, a lawyer and cotton planter, and Alma Teresa (Austin) Eastland. In 1905 he moved with his parents to Forest, where he attended the segregated public schools. Woods Eastland was active in politics and served as a district attorney.
Eastland attended the University of Mississippi (1922-1924), Vanderbilt University (1925-1926), and the University of Alabama (1926-1927) before studying law with his father and attaining admission to the bar. A lawyer in rural Mississippi, he served one term in the state House of Representatives from 1928 to 1932.
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