James Mill
| James Mill | |
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| Born |
James Milne 6 April 1773 Northwater Bridge, parish of Logie Pert, Angus, Scotland |
| Died | 23 June 1836 (aged 63) Kensington, London, England |
| Alma mater | University of Edinburgh |
| Spouse(s) | Harriet Burrow |
| Era | 19th-century philosophy |
| Region | Western philosophy |
| School |
Associationalism Utilitarianism Liberalism Ricardian economics |
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Psychology Ethics Economics |
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James Mill (born James Milne, 6 April 1773 – 23 June 1836) was a British historian, economist, political theorist, and philosopher. He is counted among the founders of Ricardian school and was the father of John Stuart Mill, the philosopher of liberalism. His influential History of British India contains a complete denunciation and rejection of Indian culture and civilisation. He divided Indian history into three parts: Hindu, Muslim and British.
James Milne, later known as James Mill, was born at Northwater Bridge, in the parish of Logie Pert, Angus, Scotland, the son of James Milne, a shoemaker and small farmer. His mother, Isabel Fenton, of a family that had suffered from connection with the Stuart rising, resolved that he should receive a first-rate education, and sent him first to the parish school and then to the Montrose Academy, where he remained until the unusual age of seventeen and a half. He then entered the University of Edinburgh, where he distinguished himself as a Greek scholar.
In October 1798, he was ordained as a minister of the Church of Scotland, but met with little success. From 1790 to 1802, in addition to holding various tutorships, he occupied himself with historical and philosophical studies. Finding little prospect of a career in Scotland, in 1802 he went to London, England, in company with Sir John Stuart of Fettercairn, then member of parliament for Kincardineshire, and devoted himself to literary work. From 1803 to 1806, he was editor of an ambitious periodical called the Literary Journal, which professed to give a summary view of all the leading departments of human knowledge. During this time he also edited the St James's Chronicle, belonging to the same proprietor. In 1804, he wrote a pamphlet on the corn trade, arguing against a bounty on the exportation of grain. In 1805, he published a translation (with notes and quotations) of An Essay on the Spirit and Influence of the Reformation of Luther, a C.F. Villers's work on the Reformation, an attack on the alleged vices of the papal system. About the end of this year he began his The History of British India, which he took twelve years to complete, instead of three or four, as had been expected.
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