James Mawdsley (trade unionist)

James Mawdsley (9 January 1848 – 4 February 1902) was an English trade unionist. Alongside Winston Churchill, he stood as a Conservative Party candidate in the double Oldham by-election of 1899.

James Mawdsley was born in Preston, Lancashire, to cotton spinner James Mawdsley and his wife Jane. From the age of nine, young James worked in a cotton mill as a "half-timer" (he spent half the working day in the mill and half at school). By 16, he was working full-time. In 1871, Mawdsley married Ann Wright and they had seven children together. In 1878, he became the General Secretary of the Amalgamated Association of Operative Cotton Spinners. At the time, cotton spinners were considered an elite group among other union factions. In 1886 the Association worked with the Amalgamated Association of Card and Blowing Room Operatives and the Northern Counties Weavers Amalgamation, to form the United Textile Factory Workers Association; the collaboration was brought about because the unions desired to promote legislation. Mawdsley became General Secretary. Under his leadership, the UTFWA was regarded as a sober and moderate union, which was opposed to socialism.

Through much of the 1880s and 1890s, Mawdsley sat on the Trades Union Congress (TUC)'s parliamentary committee and was chairman of the TUC in 1885. Mawdsley was politically active; in line with most cotton workers, but against the majority of trade unionists, Mawdsley was a supporter of the Conservative Party. In 1895 there was a nascent plan for Mawdsley to stand for Parliament as a Conservative in conjunction with David Holmes of the Weavers' union as a Liberal, both being regarded as Labour representatives. In 1899, a double by-election was held in Oldham. Mawdsley was chosen as a candidate for the alongside future British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill. Mawdsley was unusual as a Conservative Party candidate who was also heavily involved in trade unions. He was also one of the first trade unionists that Churchill was associated with.

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