James Hardy (surgeon)
| James D. Hardy | |
|---|---|
| Born | May 14, 1918 Newala, Alabama, U.S. |
| Died | February 19, 2003 (aged 84) Mississippi, U.S. |
| Institutions | Stark General Hospital, Charleston University of Tennessee, Memphis University of Mississippi American College of Surgeons |
| Education |
University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia |
| Known for | First human lung transplant, first animal-to-human heart transplant. |
| Influences | David Drabkin; Julian Johnson; O. H. Pepper; I. S. (Isidor Schwaner) Ravdin; Jonathan Rhodes; Isaac Starr; Keith Reemtsma |
| Influenced | Fikri Alican; Orlando J. Andy; Curtis P. Artz; G. B. Bittenberger; Martin L. Dalton, Jr.; William F. Enneking; Manson Don Turner; Watts R. Webb; Martin McMullan. |
| Spouse | Louise Scott Sams (m. 1949) |
James D. Hardy (May 14, 1918 – February 19, 2003) is the doctor who performed the world's first heart transplant on a human patient at the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi on January 23, 1964. This heart transplant was a xenotransplant in which Hardy inserted a chimpanzee's heart into the chest of desperately-ill and dying 68-year-old Boyd Rush. This heart beat for between 60 and 90 minutes, with Boyd never regaining consciousness.
Hardy also performed the world's first lung transplant on June11, 1963.
Hardy grew up in Newala, Alabama, a small community in Shelby County. His father owned a lime plant in Newala. He studied at a high school in Montevallo before entering the University of Alabama for pre-medical curriculum. He received his MD in 1942 from University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in Philadelphia. He held the office of the president of Alpha Omega Alpha during his senior year and his first scientific publication was on wound healings.
Hardy served in the U.S. Army Medical Corps in early 1944 during the Second World War. He first worked at Stark General Hospital, Charleston in South Carolina. Hardy began writing his first book, Surgery and the Endocrine System, in 1950 which was published two years later. He was awarded the Master of Medical Science in physiological chemistry by the University of Pennsylvania in 1951 for his research on using heavy water for measuring body fluids. He became the chair of surgery at the University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson in 1955. He was also the first Professor of Surgery at the University of Mississippi School of Medicine.
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