James Ballantyne (1772–1833) was an editor and publisher who worked for his friend Sir Walter Scott. His brother John Ballantyne (1774–1821) was also with the publishing firm, which is noted for the publication of the Novelist's Library (1820), and many works edited or written by Scott.
Scott nicknamed both brothers after characters in Henry Carey's burlesque Chrononhotonthologos. James was called Aldiborontiphoscophornio.
The brothers ran the firm of Ballantyne & Co from Paul's Works on the Canongate in Edinburgh. James' home address at the end of his life was 1 Hill Street in the centre of the city.
He is buried in Canongate Kirkyard with his brother John, to the north-east of the church.