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James Abercromby, 1st Baron Dunfermline

The Right Honourable
The Lord Dunfermline
PC
James Abercrombie of Fife, 1st Baron Dunfermline.jpg
Speaker of the House of Commons
In office
19 February 1835 – 1839
Monarch William IV
Victoria
Preceded by Charles Manners-Sutton
Succeeded by Charles Shaw-Lefevre
Judge Advocate General
In office
12 May 1827 – 21 January 1828
Monarch George IV
Prime Minister George Canning
The Viscount Goderich
Preceded by Sir John Beckett, Bt
Succeeded by Sir John Beckett, Bt
Lord Chief Baron of the
Court of Exchequer in Scotland
In office
1830–1832
Monarch William IV
Preceded by Sir Samuel Shepherd
Succeeded by Office abolished
Master of the Mint
In office
13 June 1834 – 14 November 1834
Monarch William IV
Prime Minister The Viscount Melbourne
Preceded by The Lord Auckland
Succeeded by Alexander Baring
Personal details
Born 7 November 1776 (1776-11-07)
Died 17 April 1858(1858-04-17) (aged 81)
Colinton House, Midlothian
Nationality British
Political party Whig
Spouse(s) Mary Anne Leigh
(d. 1874)

James Abercromby, 1st Baron Dunfermline PC (7 November 1776 – 17 April 1858), was a British barrister and Whig politician. He served as Speaker of the House of Commons between 1835 and 1839.

Abercromby was the third son of General Sir Ralph Abercromby, who fell at the Battle of Alexandria, and Mary, 1st Baroness Abercromby, daughter of John Menzies of Fernton, Perthshire. He was the younger brother of George Abercromby, 2nd Baron Abercromby and Sir John Abercromby and the elder brother of Alexander Abercromby. He attended the Royal High School, Edinburgh, and was called to the English Bar, Lincoln's Inn, in 1801. He became a commissioner of bankruptcy and later appointed steward of the Duke of Devonshire's estates.

Abercromby sat as Whig Member of Parliament for Midhurst between 1807 and 1812 and for Calne between 1812 and 1830. He brought forwards two motions for bills to change the representation for Edinburgh in parliament. He received great support but no change was made until the Reform Act 1832. In 1827 he sworn of the Privy Council and appointed Judge-Advocate-General by George Canning, a post he held until 1828, the last months under the premiership of Lord Goderich.


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