Israel Dov Frumkin

Israel Dov Frumkin (Hebrew: ישראל דב פרומקין‎‎; born in Dubroŭna, Russian Empire, 29 October 1850 – 1914, Jerusalem) was a pioneer of Hebrew journalism, author, and builder of Jerusalem.

Frumkin's step grandfather was Aaron ha-Levi ben Moses of Staroselye. He emigrated to Jerusalem on 19 December 1859, at the age of nine, with his father, Alexander Sender Frumkin, mother and brother. His half brother Michael Levi, who assumed the name Rodkinson, published in New York the first translation of the Talmud to English. His sister Guishe Frumkin-Navon married Yosef Navon Bey, who built the Jaffa–Jerusalem railway. His son Abraham Frumkin (1872–1946), a prominent Jewish anarchist, was a contributor to the daily "Yiddische Welt", of New York. Another son, Gad Frumkin (1887–1960), was one of the first trained attorneys in Palestine and a member of the Supreme court during the British Mandate. Gad Frumkin's grandson—and thus Israel Dov Frumkin's great-grandson—is Carmi Gilon, who was head of the Shabak (Israeli security service).

In 1869 Frumkin edited the Hebrew semi-monthly newspaper Havatzelet, which had been founded in Jerusalem by his father-in-law, Israel Back, a printer, in 1865, and a few years later he edited a Judæo-German weekly called "Die Rose". The latter, owing to lack of support, was soon discontinued. Havatzelet was changed to a weekly with a literary supplement; it was issued between 1868–1911. Its publication was spasmodically interrupted through the intrigues and machinations of the zealots of Jerusalem, whom Frumkin constantly denounced for the lack of reform in the "ḥaluḳḳah" system. Eventually, however, he became reconciled to the management.

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