Isothermal titration calorimetry

Isothermal Titration Calorimetry

Acronym	ITC
Classification	Thermal analysis
Manufacturers	TA Instruments, Microcal/Malvern Instruments
Other techniques
Related	Isothermal microcalorimetry Differential scanning calorimetry

Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is a physical technique used to determine the thermodynamic parameters of interactions in solution. It is most often used to study the binding of small molecules (such as medicinal compounds) to larger macromolecules (proteins, DNA etc.).

ITC is a quantitative technique that can determine the binding affinity (${\displaystyle K_{a}}$), enthalpy changes (${\displaystyle \Delta H}$), and binding stoichiometry (${\displaystyle n}$) of the interaction between two or more molecules in solution. From these initial measurements, Gibbs energy changes (${\displaystyle \Delta G}$) and entropy changes (${\displaystyle \Delta S}$) can be determined using the relationship:

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