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Isopentenyl diphosphate

Isopentenyl pyrophosphate
Skeletal formula of IPP
Ball-and-stick model of IPP
Names
IUPAC name
(hydroxy-(3-methylbut-3-enoxy) phosphoryl)oxyphosphonic acid
Identifiers
3D model (Jmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
MeSH isopentenyl+pyrophosphate
PubChem CID
Properties
C5H12O7P2
Molar mass 246.092
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
YesY  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP, isopentenyl diphosphate, or IDP) is an intermediate in the classical, HMG-CoA reductase pathway (commonly called the mevalonate pathway), and is used by organisms in the biosynthesis of terpenes and terpenoids. IPP is formed from acetyl-CoA via the mevalonate pathway (the "upstream" part), and then is isomerized to dimethylallyl pyrophosphate by the enzyme isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase.

IPP can be synthesized via the alternative, non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis instead, where it is formed from (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate (HMB-PP) by the enzyme HMB-PP reductase (LytB, IspH). The non-mevalonate pathway is utilized by many bacteria, apicomplexan protozoa such as malaria parasites, and the plastids of higher plants.


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