International park

A transboundary protected area (TBPA) is a protected area that spans boundaries of more than one country or sub-national entity, where the political border sections that are enclosed within its area are abolished. This includes removing all human-made physical boundaries, such as fences, allowing animals and humans to move freely within the area. A boundary around the area may, however, be maintained to prevent unauthorised border crossing. Such areas are also known by terms such as transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs) or peace parks. The Global Transbounday Protected Areas Network cites five different types of TBPAs as follows:

The preservation of traditional animal migration patterns, ensuring sufficient food and water sources for population growth, is the primary reason for the creation of peace parks. However, peace parks also encourage tourism, economic development and goodwill between neighbouring countries, as well as making it easier forindigenous inhabitants of the area to travel around.

On 1 February 1997, Anton Rupert, together with Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands and Nelson Mandela, founded the Peace Parks Foundation as a Nonprofit organisation to facilitate the establishment of transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs), also called peace parks.

As awareness of the importance of conserving the pristinity and ecology of Arctic region has increased, there has been a global call to declare the a Arctic region as a global sanctuary/international peace park. The Save the Arctic campaign by Greenpeace, an environmental nonprofit organisation, has received online support from more than 5 million citizens from around the world.

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