Intercollegiate competitions

College athletics or college sports encompasses non-professional, collegiate and university-level competitive sports and games requiring physical skill, and the systems of training that prepare athletes for competition performance.

The assimilation of sport into academic life at Cambridge University in the nineteenth century was documented by Andrew Warwick:

Present-day college athletics have been criticized for diverting resources away from academics, while unpaid student athletes generate billions of dollars of income for their universities and private entities such as the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) in the United States.

The first World University Games were held in 1923. There were originally called the Union Nationale des Étudiants Français. In 1957, following several previous renames, they became known in English as the World University Games.

College athletics is a major enterprise in the United States, with more than 400,000 student athletes competing annually. The largest programs participate in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), while other programs compete in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) and the National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA). Amongst many other sports, the most-watched competitions are in college football and college basketball, though there are competitions in all the other sports. Those include baseball, swimming and diving, track and field, golf, tennis, soccer, and many others depending on the university. In the United States, college athletes are considered amateurs and their compensation is generally limited to athletic scholarships. However, there is disagreement as to whether college student-athletes should be paid. Due to the passage of Title IX in the United States, universities must offer an equal number of scholarships for women and for men.

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