Innocent XII
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Pope Innocent XII |
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| Bishop of Rome | |
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| Papacy began | 12 July 1691 |
| Papacy ended | 27 September 1700 |
| Predecessor | Alexander VIII |
| Successor | Clement XI |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 27 October 1652 by Marcantonio Franciotti |
| Created Cardinal | 1 September 1681 by Pope Innocent XI |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Antonio Pignatelli |
| Born |
13 March 1615 Spinazzola, Kingdom of Naples |
| Died | 27 September 1700 (aged 85) Rome, Papal States |
| Previous post |
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Papal styles of Pope Innocent XII |
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| Reference style | His Holiness |
| Spoken style | Your Holiness |
| Religious style | Holy Father |
| Posthumous style | None |
Pope Innocent XII (Latin: Innocentius XII; 13 March 1615 – 27 September 1700), born Antonio Pignatelli, was Pope from 12 July 1691 to his death in 1700.
He took a hard stance against nepotism in the church, continuing the policies of Pope Innocent XI, who started the battle against nepotism. To that end, he issued a papal bull strictly forbidding it.
Antonio Pignatelli was born on 13 March 1615 in Spinazzola (now in Apulia) to one of the most aristocratic families of the Kingdom of Naples, which had included several Viceroys and ministers of the crown. He was the fourth of five children of Francesco Pignatelli and Porzia Carafa. His other siblings were Marzio, Ludovico, Fabrizio and Paola Maria.
He was educated at the Collegio Romano in Rome where he earned a doctorate in both canon and civil law.
At the age of 20 he became an official of the court of Pope Urban VIII. Pignatelli was the Referendary of the Apostolic Signatura and served as the Governor of Fano and Viterbo. Later he went to Malta where he served as an inquisitor from 1646 to 1649. Shortly after this, he received his priestly ordination.
Pignatelli was made Titular Archbishop of Larissa in 1652 and received episcopal consecration in Rome. Pignatelli served as the Apostolic Nuncio to Poland from 1660 to 1668 and later in Austria from 1668 to 1671. He was transferred to Lecce in 1671. Pope Innocent XI appointed him as the Cardinal-Priest of San Pancrazio in 1681 and then moved him to the see of Faenza in 1682. He was moved to his final post as Archbishop of Naples in 1686.
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