Idaho v. United States
| Idaho v. United States | |
|---|---|
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| Argued April 23, 2001 Decided June 18, 2001 |
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| Full case name | Idaho v. United States |
| Citations | 533 U.S. 262 (more)
121 S. Ct. 2135, 150 L. Ed. 2d 326, 2001 U.S. LEXIS 4665
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| Prior history |
United States v. Idaho (In re Coeur d'Alene Lake) 95 F. Supp. 2d 1094, 1998 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 22906; United States v. Coeur d'Alene Tribe 210 F.3d 1067, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 8583 |
| Holding | |
| The United States, not the state of Idaho, held title to lands submerged under Lake Coeur d'Alene, and that the land was held in trust for the Coeur d'Alene Tribe. | |
| Court membership | |
| Case opinions | |
| Majority | Souter, joined by Stevens, O'Connor, Ginsburg, Breyer |
| Dissent | Rehnquist, joined by Scalia, Kennedy, Thomas |
United States v. Idaho (In re Coeur d'Alene Lake) 95 F. Supp. 2d 1094, 1998 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 22906;
Idaho v. United States, 533 U.S. 262 (2001), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the United States, not the state of Idaho, held title to lands submerged under Lake Coeur d'Alene and the St. Joe River, and that the land was held in trust for the Coeur d'Alene Tribe as part of its reservation, and in recognition (established in the 19th century) of the importance of traditional tribal uses of these areas for basic food and other needs.
The Coeur d'Alene Tribe is an Indian tribe in northern Idaho. The Coeur d'Alene people once inhabited 3,500,000 acres (1,400,000 ha) in northern Idaho, Washington, and Montana, but today, the only land controlled by the tribal nation is the Coeur d'Alene Reservation in Benewah and Kootenai counties, Idaho.
In 1853, the territorial governor of Washington (which at the time included the panhandle of Idaho), Isaac Stevens, began to negotiate treaties with local tribes. By 1855, Stevens had treaties with most of the tribes in the area, but not including the Coeur d'Alene tribe. At the same time, gold had been discovered near Fort Colvile and on the Yakima reservation. By September 1853, Yakima Indians killed six prospectors in retaliation for attacks on the tribes by trespassing miners. Stevens negotiated a fragile peace in 1856, but the U.S. Army was unable to keep prospectors out of Indian lands. By 1858 hostilities sparked again.
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