Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya
| Ibn al-Qayyim | |
|---|---|
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| Born | 7 Safar 691 AH / January 28, 1292 AD Damascus |
| Died | 13 Rajab 751 AH / September 15, 1350 AD (aged 60 years) Damascus |
| Resting place | Bab al-Saghīr Cemetery |
| Era | Mamluk |
| Region | Sham |
| Occupation | scholar |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni Islam |
| Jurisprudence | Hanbali |
| Creed | Athari |
| Main interest(s) | Ethics, Islamic jurisprudence, Islamic theology |
| Alma mater | Al-Madrasa al-Jawziyya |
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Influenced by
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| Arabic name | |
| Personal (Ism) | Muhammad محمد |
| Patronymic (Nasab) | ibn Abi Bakr ibn Ayyub ibn Sa'ad بن أبي بكر بن أيوب بن سعد |
| Teknonymic (Kunya) | Abu Abd Allah أبو عبد الله |
| Epithet (Laqab) | Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya ابن قيم الجوزية Ibn al-Qayyim ابن القيم Shams al-Din شمس الدين |
| Toponymic (Nisba) | ad-Dimashqi الدمشقي |
Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr (also known as Ibn al-Qayyim ("The son of the principal") or Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah ("Son of the principal of the (school of) Jawziyyah") (1292–1350 CE / 691 AH–751 AH) was an Arab Islamic jurist, commentator on the Qur'an and theologian. Ibn al-Qayyim's scholarship was focused on the Islamic sciences of Hadith, Fiqh and Sufism. He has been called "one of the most important thinkers in the Hanbali tradition", and Ibn Taymiyya's most "passionate advocate".
Muhammad Ibn Abī Bakr Ibn Ayyub Ibn Sa‘d Ibn Harīz Ibn Makkī Zayd al-Dīn al-Zur‘ī (Arabic: محمد بن أبي بكر بن أيوب بن سعد بن حريز بن مكي زيد الدين الزُّرعي), al-Dimashqi (الدمشقي), with kunya of Abu Abdullah (أبو عبد الله), called Shams al-Dīn ( شمس الدین). He is usually known as Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, after his father Abu Bakr Ibn Sa‘d al-Zur‘ī who was the superintendent (qayyim) of the Jawziyyah Madrasah, the Hanbali law college in Damascus.
Ibn al-Qayyim's main teacher was the scholar Ibn Taymiyyah. Ibn Qayyim first met Ibn Taymiyyah at the age of 21 and spent the rest of his life learning from him. As a result of this union he shared his teacher's views in most issues.
Ibn al-Qayyim was imprisoned along with his teacher Ibn Taymiyyah. According to the historian al-Maqrizi, two reasons led to his arrest: the first was a sermon Ibn al-Qayyim had delivered in Jerusalem in which he decried the visitation of holy graves, including the Prophet Muhammad’s grave in Medina, the second was his agreement with Ibn Taymiyyah’s view on the matter of divorce, which contradicted the view of the majority of scholars in Damascus.
The campaign to have Ibn al-Qayyim imprisoned was led by Shafi'i and Maliki scholars, and was also joined by the Hanbali and Hanafi judges.
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