Iberian War
| Iberian War | |||||||||
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| Part of the Roman-Persian Wars | |||||||||
 The Roman-Persian frontier in the 4th to 7th centuries |
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
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Byzantine Empire, Iberia Ghassanids |
Sassanid Empire Lakhmids |
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
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Belisarius, Sittas, Gregory Hermogenes, Pharas, John of Lydia Sunicas Al-Harith ibn Jabalah Dorotheus |
Kavadh I, Perozes, Xerxes Azarethes Bawi Mihr-Mihroe Baresmanas † Pityaxes Al-Mundhir III ibn al-Nu'man |
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The Iberian War was fought from 526 to 532 between the Byzantine Empire and Sassanid Empire over the eastern Georgian kingdom of Iberia.
After the Anastasian War, a seven-year truce was agreed on, yet it lasted for nearly twenty years. Even during the war in 505, Emperor Anastasius I had already started fortifying Dara as a counter to the Persian fortress city of Nisibis for a looming conflict. In 524/525, the Persian shah Kavadh I (r. 488–531) proposed that Emperor Justin I adopt his son, Khosrau I; the priority of the Persian king was to secure the succession of Khosrau, whose position was threatened by rival brothers and the Mazdakite sect. The proposal was initially greeted with enthusiasm by the Roman Emperor and his nephew, Justinian, but Justin's quaestor, Proculus, opposed the move. Despite the breakdown of the negotiations, it was not until 530 that full-scale warfare on the main eastern frontier broke out. In the intervening years, the two sides preferred to wage war by proxy, through Arab allies in the south and Huns in the north.
Tensions between the two powers were further heightened by the defection of the Iberian king Gourgen to the Romans. According to Procopius, Kavadh I tried to force the Christian Iberians to become Zoroastrians, who in 524/525 under the leadership of Gourgen rose in revolt against Persia, following the example of the neighboring Christian kingdom of Lazica. Gourgen received pledges by Justin I that he would defend Iberia; the Romans indeed recruited Huns from the north of the Caucasus to assist the Iberians.
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