Hymenorrhaphy

Hymenorrhaphy
Intervention
ICD-9-CM	70.76
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Hymenorrhaphy or hymen reconstruction surgery is the temporary surgical restoration of the hymen. The term comes from the Greek words hymen meaning "membrane", and raphḗ meaning "suture". It is also known as hymenoplasty, although strictly this term would also include hymenotomy.

Such procedures are not generally regarded as part of mainstream gynecology, but are available from some plastic surgery centers, particularly in the United States, South Korea and Western Europe, generally as day surgery. The normal aim is to cause bleeding during post-nuptial intercourse, which in some cultures is considered proof of virginity.

The term may cover at least three significantly different types of procedure:

Some hymen reconstruction operations are legal in some countries, while other countries ban all hymenorrhaphy.

In the United States of America, hymen restoration is available in private clinics and becoming more common.

In France, some of the cost is reimbursed by the state in cases of rape or trauma.

The operation is popular in Middle Eastern countries, in particular, in Iran, where women are expected to keep virginity until the wedding night. Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Sadeq Rohani has issued a fatwa which permits hymenorrhaphy and considers a woman after the operation to be virgin.

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