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Hydroxocobalamin

Hydroxocobalamin
Hydroxocobalamin.svg
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a605007
Pregnancy
category
  • US: C
Routes of
administration
IM, IV
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • US: OTC (by prescription when injectable), not DEA-controlled
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding Very high (90%)
Metabolism Primarily liver, cobalamins are absorbed in the ileum and stored in the liver.
Biological half-life ~6 days
Identifiers
Synonyms vitamin B12, vitamin B12a, hydroxycobalamin
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.198
Chemical and physical data
Formula C62H89CoN13O15P
Molar mass 1346.37 g/mol
3D model (Jmol)
 NYesY (what is this?)  

Hydroxocobalamin, also known as vitamin B12a and hydroxycobalamin, is vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. As a supplement it is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency including pernicious anemia. Other uses include cyanide poisoning, Leber's optic atrophy, and toxic amblyopia. It is given by injection into a muscle or vein.

Side effects are generally few. They may include diarrhea, low blood potassium, allergic reactions, and high blood pressure. Normal doses are considered safe in pregnancy. Hydroxocobalamin is the natural form of vitamin B12 and a member of the cobalamin family of compounds. Hydroxocobalamin, or another form of vitamin B12, are required for the body to make DNA. Foods that naturally contain vitamin B12 include meat, eggs, and dairy products.

Hydroxocobalamin was first isolated in 1949. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. Hydroxocobalamin is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 0.12 to 0.84 USD per dose. In the United States this amount wholesale costs about 0.84 USD. Commercially it is made from one of a number of different types of bacteria.


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