Hyderabad State (1948–56)
| Hyderabad State (1948 - 1956) | |||||
| State of India | |||||
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| History | |||||
| • | Hyderabad State formed from Hyderabad Princely State | 1948 | |||
| • | Reorganized and renamed Andhra Pradesh | 1956 | |||
| States of India since 1947 | |||||
Hyderabad State was a state in Independent India, formed after the accession of the princely state of Hyderabad into the Indian Union on 24 November 1949. It existed from 1948 to 1956.
Following the States Reorganisation Act Hyderabad State was merged with Andhra State in 1956 and renamed Andhra Pradesh.
Operation Polo, the code name of the Hyderabad "police action" was a military operation in September 1948 in which the Indian Armed Forces invaded the State of Hyderabad, annexing the state into the Indian Union.
At the time of Partition in 1947, the princely states of India, who in principle had self-government within their own territories, were subject to subsidiary alliances with the British, giving them control of their external relations. In the Indian Independence Act 1947 the British abandoned all such alliances, leaving the states with the option of opting for full independence. However, by 1948 almost all had acceded to either India or Pakistan. One major exception was that of the wealthiest and most powerful principality, Hyderabad, where the Nizam, Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII, a Muslim ruler who presided over a largely Hindu population, chose independence and hoped to maintain this with an irregular army recruited from the Muslim aristocracy, known as the Razakars. The Nizam was also beset by the Telangana uprising, which he was unable to subjugate.
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