Husain Ahmed Madani
| Sayyid Hussein Ahmad Madani | |
|---|---|
| Born | 6 October 1879 |
| Died | 1957 |
| Alma mater | Darul Uloom Deoband |
| Era | Modern Era |
| Region | Islamic Scholar |
| School | Chisti-Sabiri branch of the Chisti order |
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Main interests
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Hadith, Tafsir, Fiqh |
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Influences
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Influenced
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Sayyid Hussein Ahmed Madani (6 October 1879 - 1957) was an Islamic scholar from the Indian subcontinent. His followers called him Shaykh al-Islām, Shaykh Ul Arab Wal Ajam to acknowledge his expertise in hadith and fiqh. He was among the first recipients of the civilian honour of Padma Bhushan.
He was born in Bangarmau District Unnao where his father was a teacher. He was originally from Tanda District Faizabad. His father was Sayyid Habibullah, descendant of Prophet Muhammad.
In 1892, at the age of thirteen, he went to the Darul Uloom Deoband, where he studied under Mehmud Hasan. After completing the esoteric sciences, he became a disciple of Rasheed Ahmad Gangohi, who later authorised him to initiate others in the Sufi path. Rasheed Ahmad Gangohi was also the pir (or spiritual teacher) of Mehmud Hasan and it was Mehmud Hasan who told Hussein Ahmed to become Rasheed Ahmad Gangohi's disciple too. He was held among the senior khulafa (or successors) of Rasheed Ahmed Gangohi.
Through him his spiritual lineage goes back to Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari who was the originator of the Chisti-Sabiri branch of the Chisti order. This spiritual chain is however strongly linked with the Naqshbandi order of Sufism as well, because one of the ancestral pirs of Hussein Ahmed had also accepted Syed Ahmad Shaheed as his master who belonged to the Naqshbandi order. Thus Hussein Ahmed had the benefit of being linked to both the Naqshbandi and the Chisti order. While the former stressed silent invocation, the latter focused on the more esoteric aspects of Islam. His main school of thought, of whose litanies he practiced, was however Chisti-Sabiri.
After graduating from the Darul Uloom Deoband, he migrated to Medina with his family. He began teaching Arabic grammar, usul al-fiqh, usul al-hadith, and Quranic exegesis. He spent 18 years teaching these various Islamic sciences in Medina. He was then appointed as head teacher and "Shaikhul Hadith" of Darul Uloom Deoband. He filled this position for approximately 28 years.
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