Hungover
| Hangover | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | veisalgia from Norwegian: kveis, "discomfort following overindulgence", and Greek: ἄλγος álgos, "pain" |
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| The Day After by Edvard Munch, 1894-95 | |
| Pronunciation | |
| Classification and external resources | |
| Specialty | neurology, psychiatry |
| ICD-10 | G44.83, F10 |
| MedlinePlus | 002041 |
A hangover is the experience of various unpleasant physiological and psychological effects following the consumption of ethanol, as found in wine, beer and distilled spirits. Hangovers can last for several hours or for more than 24 hours. Typical symptoms of a hangover may include headache, drowsiness, concentration problems, dry mouth, dizziness, fatigue, gastrointestinal distress (e.g., vomiting), absence of hunger, depression, sweating, nausea, hyper-excitability and anxiety.
While the causes of a hangover are still poorly understood, several factors are known to be involved including acetaldehyde accumulation, changes in the immune system and glucose metabolism, dehydration, metabolic acidosis, disturbed prostaglandin synthesis, increased cardiac output, vasodilation, sleep deprivation and malnutrition. Beverage-specific effects of additives or by-products such as congeners in alcoholic beverages also play an important role. The symptoms occur typically after the intoxicating effect of the alcohol begins to wear off, generally the morning after a night of heavy drinking.
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