Hot water dispenser

An instant hot water dispenser or boiling water tap is an appliance that dispenses water at about 94 °C (201 °F) (near-boiling). There are hot-only and hot and cool water models, and the water may be filtered as well as heated. Instant hot water dispensers became popular in the 1970s. Instant hot water dispensers are very similar to portable shower devices; the latter is fitted with a heating element and quickly heats up water, once a switch has been activated.

Most types have a small thermally-insulated tank with a heater which keeps the water in the tank hot.

When the handle is pressed, cool tap water flows into the tank and displaces the near-boiling water, which flows out of the spout. On releasing the handle the valve closes and hot water stops flowing. The cool water is then heated to up to about 94 °C (201 °F) ready for use however the Quooker PRO-VAQ water tank heats the water to 110 °C (230 °F) meaning the water flows out of the spout at 100 °C (212 °F). Some tanks feature a 750 W heater that delivers up to 60 cups of water per hour at a temperature set by a dial. Some models are equipped with a filtration system to remove contaminants, and can dispense hot or cool filtered water. Advanced filtration systems can reduce chlorine taste, odor, sediment, toxic chemicals, heavy metals such as lead, and dangerous minerals. They also remove sometimes dangerous parasites and protozoa such as cryptosporidium, although the high temperature prevents them from being a hazard in the hot water.

A hot water dispenser which keeps water hot in a tank uses the energy needed to heat the water to the required temperature, and wastes the energy needed to keep the water hot permanently in a thermally-insulated tank when not being used. These tank type dispensers often also consists of energy wasting 'keep warm' and 'reboil' functions.

Whereas, an instant hot water dispenser without a tank does not waste significant energy. Only when hot water is needed, the instant heater consumes at least 2000 watts to produce hot water at 92°C and above. The hot water flow rates is flowed at approximately 20 litres per hour. Comparing this with the insulated tank type of hot water dispensers that consumes approx 500w, the amount of energy savings to produce 20 litres of hot water is at least 5 times faster. The savings not only comes from the speed, but also instant hot water dispensers do not 'keep warm' nor 'reboil'. In fact, it furthers provide the convenience that users need not switch off the appliance when not in use.

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Wikipedia