Horsham (Victoria)
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Horsham Victoria |
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Firebrace Street, Horsham's main street, in 2006
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 Horsham
Location in Victoria
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| Coordinates | 36°43′S 142°12′E / 36.717°S 142.200°ECoordinates: 36°43′S 142°12′E / 36.717°S 142.200°E | ||||||||
| Population | 16,451 (2015) | ||||||||
| Postcode(s) | 3400 | ||||||||
| Elevation | 128 m (420 ft) | ||||||||
| Location | |||||||||
| LGA(s) | Rural City of Horsham | ||||||||
| County | Borung | ||||||||
| State electorate(s) | Lowan | ||||||||
| Federal Division(s) | Mallee | ||||||||
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Horsham (/ˈhɔːrʃəm/, locally [ˈhoːʃəm]) is a regional city in the Wimmera region of western Victoria, Australia. Located on the Wimmera River, Horsham is approximately 300 kilometres (190 mi) north-west of the state capital Melbourne. In June 2015, Horsham had an estimated population of 16,451. It is the most populous city in the Wimmera region, and it is the main administrative centre for the Rural City of Horsham local government area. And serves a catchment of approximately 95,000 people.
Horsham was named by original settler James Monckton Darlot after the town of Horsham in his native England. It grew throughout the latter 19th and early 20th century as a centre of Western Victoria's wheat and wool industry. Horsham was declared a city in 1949 and was named Australia's Tidiest Town in 2001 and again in 2015.
The first inhabitants of the Horsham area were the Djura Balug indigenous Australian tribe who spoke the Jardwadjali language.
Major Thomas Mitchell was the first European to pass through the area, naming the Wimmera River on 18 July 1836.
Squatter James Monckton Darlot was the first European settler, claiming 100,000 acres at Dooen on 10 August 1842. Charles Carter established his property "Brim Springs" nearby in 1845.
The Post Office opened on 1 July 1848. An elaborate post office building and clock tower was erected in 1880.
The main railway from Melbourne reached Horsham in 1879 and was later extended to Adelaide, South Australia, while a branch line west to Carpolac was started in 1887 and closed in 1988. The Horsham Borough Council and the Shire of Wimmera operated the McKenzie Creek Tramway from the town to a stone quarry, some 8 kilometres (5 mi) to the south. The horse tramway opened in 1885 and ceased operating in 1927. Special picnic trains operated from time to time conveying residents in open wagons.
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