Holam

Holam (Hebrew: חוֹלָם‎ ḥolam, Modern Hebrew: [χoˈlam], Biblical Hebrew: [ħoˈlam]) is a Hebrew niqqud vowel sign represented by a dot above the upper left corner of the consonant letter. For example, here the ḥolam appears after the letter mem ⟨מ‎⟩‎: מֹ‎. In modern Hebrew it indicates the mid back rounded vowel, [o̞], and is transliterated as an o.

The mater lectionis letter which is usually employed with ḥolam is vav, although in a few words, the letters alef or he are used instead of vav. When it is used with a mater lectionis, the ḥolam is called ḥolam male (Modern: [χoˈlam maˈle], Biblical: [ħoˈlam maˈle], "full ḥolam"), and without it the ḥolam is called ḥolam ḥaser (Modern: [χoˈlam χaˈseʁ], Biblical: [ħoˈlam ħaˈser]).

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