Hodh El Gharbi

Hodh El Gharbi ولاية الحوض الغربي
Region of Mauritania
Landscape in Hodl El Gharbi (near Ayoun)
Coordinates: 16°30′N 10°00′W / 16.500°N 10.000°W / 16.500; -10.000Coordinates: 16°30′N 10°00′W / 16.500°N 10.000°W / 16.500; -10.000
Country	Mauritania
Departments	4 Aïoun Koubenni Tamchekett Tintane
Capital	Ayoun el Atrous
Area
• Total	53,400 km2 (20,600 sq mi)
Population (2013 census)
• Total	294,109
• Density	5.5/km2 (14/sq mi)

Hodh El Gharbi (Arabic: ولاية الحوض الغربي‎‎) is a region in southern Mauritania, with an area of 53,400 square km. The population at the 2013 Census was 294,109. Its capital is Aïoun (formerly called Ayound el Atrrous). The region borders the Mauritanian regions of Tagant to the north, Hodh Ech Chargui to the east and Assaba to the west. To the south in borders Mali, and a part of Malian territory protrudes into the region. The Aoukar basin, which formerly gave name to a greater region, is located in the northern and central part of Hodh El Gharbi, extending eastwards.

As of 2013, the population of the region was 294,109, compared to 274,443 in 2011. There were 47.53 per cent females and 52.47 per cent males. As of 2008, the activity rate was 52.00 and economic dependency ratio was 0.88. As of 2008, the literacy rate for people aged 15 years and over was 67.10.

Mauritania is mostly covered with desert, with only its western regions around the coast of Atlantic Ocean having some vegetation. There are some oasis in the desert regions. Since it is a desert, there are large shifting dunes forming temporary ranges. The average elevation is around 460 m (1,510 ft) above the mean sea level. The rainfall in the northern regions closer to the Tropic of Cancer receives around 100 mm (3.9 in) of annual rainfall compared to the southern portions that receives around 660 mm (26 in). The average temparature is 37.8 °C (100.0 °F), while during the night it reaches 0 °C (32 °F). Due to the geography, the inhabitants historically, have been nomadic. In modern times, people have migrated to urban centres during the drought in 1970 and 1980. There are a few sedantary cultivators, who are located only in the Southern regions of the country. Research has indicated that the Saharan movement has resulted in reduction of rains in the region from the 1960s, when it received close to 250 mm (9.8 in) of rainfall.

As of 2013, the population of the region was 294,109, compared to 274,443 in 2011. There were 47.53 per cent females and 52.47 per cent males. As of 2008, the Couples with children was 53.80 and Couples without children was 3.70. The proportion with extended family was 17.70 per cent and extended single-parent was 8.40 per cent, one-person was 1.60 per cent, and single-parent nuclear was 14.80 per cent. As of 2008, the rate of household confirming the existence of public telephone in their neighbourhood or village was 57.64, rate of households benefiting from electricity post in their neighbourhood was 1.91 per cent, rate of households benefiting from health centre or health post in their neighbourhood was 4.84 per cent, and rate of households benefiting from sanitary services was 0.32 per cent.