National Socialism (German: Nationalsozialismus), more commonly known as Nazism or Naziism (/ˈnɑːtsi.ɪzəmˌ ˈnæ-/). (/ˈnɑːtsɪzəm, ˈnæt-/), is the ideology and set of practices associated with the 20th-century German Nazi Party, Nazi Germany and other far-right groups. Usually characterized as a form of fascism that incorporates scientific racism and antisemitism, Nazism's development was influenced by German nationalism (especially Pan-Germanism), the Völkisch movement and the anti-Communist Freikorps paramilitary groups that emerged during the Weimar Republic after Germany's defeat in the First World War.