Historical Right
|
Historical Right
Destra Storica |
|
|---|---|
| Historical leaders |
Massimo d'Azeglio Camillo Benso di Cavour Quintino Sella Bettino Ricasoli Alfonso La Marmora Luigi Federico Menabrea Giovanni Lanza Marco Minghetti Antonio Starabba di Rudinì |
| Founded | 1849 |
| Dissolved | 1913 |
| Merged into | Liberal Union |
| Headquarters | Palazzo Montecitorio, Rome |
| Ideology |
Conservatism Classical liberalism |
| Political position | Right-wing |
The Historical Right (Italian: Destra Storica), officially known as The Right (Italian: La Destra) and sometimes called Liberal Constitutional Party (Italian: Partito Liberale Costituzionale, PLC), was an Italian parliamentary group in during the second half of the 19th century. It's represented the higher classes' interests, including aristocrats, industrialists, traders and militaries.
The origins of the Historical Right are in the right-wing faction of the Sardinian Parliament, established in 1849. The Right was at the time led by Massimo d'Azeglio, who was also a representative of the Moderate movement who tried to unify Italy as a states' federation. Like the Right dominated the Parliament, D'Azeglio was appointed as Prime Minister of Sardinia by King Victor Emmanuel II. However, there were tensions inside the Right group, caused by D'Azeglio assertiveness on Catholic Church and King's role. This tensions caused a split in two different factions:
On May 1852, Cavour and his supporters left the Right group and moved toward the moderate Left, led by Urbano Rattazzi. The duo Rattazzi-Cavour made an alliance (pejoratively called "a marriage"), forming a big centrist group called Liberal Union. D'Azeglio was forced to resign on November 1852, and Cavour was appointed by the King as new Prime Minister, endind the Sarinian phase of the Right.
In 1861, Italy was finally as a Kingdom under the House of Savoy. Cavour, who was Prime Minister of Sardinia since November 1852, with brief interructions, became the first Prime Minister of Italy. During the first year since unification, Cavour became more conservative like many radicals and republicans refused to recognize the new government, but instead recognize the Southern Army led by Giuseppe Garibaldi. Fearing a democratic revolution, Cavour became near to the new Right group in the Italian Parliament, led it until his premature death on June 1861. The Cavourina policies was partially continued by his successor, aligned with the Right group, like Luigi Farini, Bettino Ricasoli and Marco Minghetti. In 1860s, the Right governments adopted modernization policies, supported by high taxation, to make Italy competitive with other European countries. Under Marco Minghetti, Italy had its first balanced budget, realised by Finance Minister Quintino Sella. However, in 1868 the Right became more umpopular when increased indirect taxes, like the cereal tax, causing several revolts, that were repressed by police.
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