Hillsboro, New Mexico
| Hillsboro, New Mexico | |
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| Unincorporated community | |
Hillsboro New Mexico Community Center
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 Hillsboro, New Mexico
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| Coordinates: 32°55′N 107°34′W / 32.917°N 107.567°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New Mexico |
| County | Sierra |
| Area | |
| • Total | 2.13 sq mi (5.5 km2) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 124 |
| • Density | 58/sq mi (22/km2) |
| Time zone | Mountain |
| • Summer (DST) | Mountain (UTC) |
| ZIP code | 88042 |
| Area code(s) | 575 |
Hillsboro is a small unincorporated community in Sierra County, New Mexico, United States, located in the southwestern part of the state. It was founded in 1877, following the discovery of gold. The community was the county seat of Sierra County from 1884 until 1936 when Hot Springs (now called Truth or Consequences) became the county seat.
The town was named Hillsborough by the prospectors in Dec. 1877, but later shortened to Hillsboro. By 1880 the town had 4 companies of soldiers and 400 miners, but the population soon grew to 700. A county courthouse was built in 1892. By 1907 the population was 1200. A flood on 10 June 1914 caused considerable damage to many town buildings.
The first house was built in August 1877 after two prospectors, Dan Dugan and Dave Stitzel, working in the area of the future Opportunity Mine, collected loose pieces of rock (float is the geologic term) assayed at $160 per ton in gold and silver. Soon, ore was discovered at the nearby Rattlesnake vein (geology) by Dugan and Frank Pitcher, and a placer deposit of gold was found in November at the Rattlesnake and Wicks gulches. Ore was pulverized with arrastres located in Hillsboro, including a 10-stamp mill built in 1878. Total production prior to 1904 was about $6,750,000. Between 1911 and 1931, total production of gold ore was 836 tons, gold-copper-silver ore was 5,470 tons, and copper ore was 200 tons. In his report, Harley wrote, "The ore deposits of the Hillsboro or Las Animas mining district are of four general types as follows: (1) fissure veins in andesite flows, (2) disseminated deposits in monzonite porphyry, (3) replacement deposits in limestone, and (4) placer gold deposits."
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