Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
| Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Characteristic lip telangiectases. | |
| Classification and external resources | |
| Specialty | cardiology |
| ICD-10 | I78.0 |
| ICD-9-CM | 448.0 |
| OMIM | 187300 600376 601101 610655 175050 |
| DiseasesDB | 9303 |
| MedlinePlus | 000837 |
| eMedicine | med/2764 ped/1668 derm/782 |
| MeSH | D013683 |
| GeneReviews | |
| Orphanet | 774 |
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), also known as Osler–Weber–Rendu disease and Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder that leads to abnormal blood vessel formation in the skin, mucous membranes, and often in organs such as the lungs, liver, and brain.
It may lead to nosebleeds, acute and chronic digestive tract bleeding, and various problems due to the involvement of other organs. Treatment focuses on reducing bleeding from blood vessel lesions, and sometimes surgery or other targeted interventions to remove arteriovenous malformations in organs. Chronic bleeding often requires iron supplements and sometimes blood transfusions. HHT is transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion, and occurs in one in 5,000 people.
The disease carries the names of Sir William Osler, Henri Jules Louis Marie Rendu, and Frederick Parkes Weber, who described it in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Telangiectasia (small vascular malformations) may occur in the skin and mucosal linings of the nose and gastrointestinal tract. The most common problem is nosebleeds (epistaxis), which happen frequently from childhood and affect about 90–95% of people with HHT. Lesions on the skin and in the mouth bleed less often but may be considered cosmetically displeasing; they affect about 80%. The skin lesions characteristically occur on the lips, the nose and the fingers, and on the skin of the face in sun-exposed areas. They appear suddenly, with the number increasing over time.
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