Henry Sloughter (died 1691) was briefly colonial governor of New York and Massachusetts in 1691. Sloughter was the governor who put down Leisler's Rebellion, which had installed Jacob Leisler as de facto governor in 1689. He was briefly appointed as governor of Massachusetts following the Massachusetts Charter of 1691. Lieutenant Governor Richard Ingoldesby, who had served against Leisler's rebels, took over after Sloughter's death until the arrival of Benjamin Fletcher.