Henry Galway
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Lieutenant Colonel Sir Henry Galway KCMG DSO |
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Sir Henry Galway in 1919
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| 17th Governor of South Australia | |
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In office 18 April 1914 – 30 April 1920 |
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| Monarch | George V |
| Premier |
Archibald Peake (1914-15) Crawford Vaughan (1915-17) Archibald Peake (1917-20) Henry Barwell (1920) |
| Preceded by | Sir Day Bosanquet |
| Succeeded by | Sir Archibald Weigall |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 25 September 1859 |
| Died | 17 June 1949 (aged 89) |
| Nationality | British |
Lieutenant Colonel Sir Henry Lionel Galway KCMG DSO (25 September 1859 – 17 June 1949) was the Governor of South Australia from 18 April 1914 until 30 April 1920.
Henry Lionel Gallwey was born on 25 September 1859 at Alverstoke, Hampshire, England, to Lieutenant-General Sir Thomas Lionel Gallwey and his second wife, Alicia Dorinda Lefanu, née MacDougall. He was educated at Cheltenham College.
After attending the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, he was commissioned in 1878. He served as an aide-de-camp to the governors of Bermuda, being promoted to captain in 1887.
Gallwey was appointed deputy commissioner and vice-consul in the newly established Oil Rivers Protectorate (later the Niger Coast Protectorate) in 1891. In March 1892, he failed to convince the King of Benin, Omo n’Oba Ovonramwen, into signing a deceptive 'treaty of friendship' that would make Benin a British colony. Instead, the King issued an edict barring all British officials and traders from entering Benin territories. The 'Gallwey Treaty', although it was never signed, became the legal basis for British invasion, occupation, and looting, culminating in the Benin Expedition of 1897, which destroyed the Kingdom of Benin. Gallwey was often mentioned in dispatches during this time, and was rewarded with the Distinguished Service Order (DSO; 1896), appointment as Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG; 1899) and promotion to major (1897).
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