Henry Fox-Strangways, 5th Earl of Ilchester

The Right Honourable The Earl of Ilchester PC
"Fifth Earl": The Earl of Ilchester as caricatured by Spy (Leslie Ward) in Vanity Fair, July 1882.
Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms
In office 1 January 1874 – 17 February 1874
Monarch	Victoria
Prime Minister	William Ewart Gladstone
Preceded by	The Earl Cowper
Succeeded by	The Marquess of Exeter
Personal details
Born	13 February 1847
Died	6 December 1905 (1905-12-07) (aged 58)
Nationality	British
Political party	Liberal
Spouse(s)	Lady Mary Dawson (d. 1935)

Henry Edward Fox-Strangways, 5th Earl of Ilchester PC (13 February 1847 – 6 December 1905), known as Henry Fox-Strangways until 1865, was a British peer and Liberal politician. He served as Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms under William Ewart Gladstone between January and February 1874.

Ilchester was the son of Hon. John Fox-Strangways, fourth son of Henry Thomas Fox-Strangways, 2nd Earl of Ilchester. His mother was Amelia Marjoribanks, daughter of Edward Marjoribanks. He was educated at Eton.

Lord Ilchester succeeded his uncle in the earldom of Ilchester in 1865 and was able to take his seat in the House of Lords on his 21st birthday in 1868. In January 1874, at the age of only 26, he was appointed Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms in the Liberal administration of William Ewart Gladstone, a post he held until the government fell the following month. He was admitted to the Privy Council in February of that year. Lord Ilchester never held political office again but served as Lord Lieutenant of Dorset from 1885 to 1905.

Lord Ilchester married Lady Mary Eleanor Anne Dawson, daughter of Richard Dawson, 1st Earl of Dartrey, in 1872. In 1874 he inherited the Holland House estate in London from a distant cousin in the Holland barony. He died in December 1905, aged 58, and was buried in the family vault at Melbury Osmond, Dorset. He was succeeded in his titles by his son, Giles. Lady Ilchester died in 1935.