Henry Fox, first Baron Holland
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The Right Honourable The Lord Holland PC |
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Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, by John Giles Eccardt, after Jean Baptiste van Loo, circa 1740
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| Leader of the House of Commons | |
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In office 26 May 1762 – 16 April 1763 |
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| Monarch | George III |
| Prime Minister | The Earl of Bute |
| Preceded by | George Grenville |
| Succeeded by | George Grenville |
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In office 14 November 1755 – 13 November 1756 |
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| Monarch | George II |
| Prime Minister | The Duke of Newcastle |
| Preceded by | Thomas Robinson |
| Succeeded by | William Pitt |
| Paymaster of the Forces | |
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In office 2 July 1757 – 13 July 1765 |
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| Monarch |
George II George III |
| Prime Minister |
The Duke of Newcastle The Earl of Bute George Grenville |
| Preceded by |
Viscount Dupplin Thomas Potter |
| Succeeded by | Charles Townshend |
| Secretary of State for the Southern Department | |
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In office 14 November 1755 – 13 November 1756 |
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| Monarch | George II |
| Prime Minister | The Duke of Newcastle |
| Preceded by | Thomas Robinson |
| Succeeded by | William Pitt |
| Secretary at War | |
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In office 1746–1755 |
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| Monarch | George II |
| Prime Minister |
Henry Pelham The Duke of Newcastle |
| Preceded by | Thomas Winnington |
| Succeeded by | The Viscount Barrington |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 28 September 1705 |
| Died | 1 July 1774 (aged 68) Holland House, Kensington, Middlesex, Great Britain |
| Political party | Whig |
| Spouse(s) | Lady Caroline Lennox |
| Profession | Politician |
Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, PC (28 September 1705 – 1 July 1774 in Holland House) was a leading British politician of the 18th century. He identified primarily with the Whig faction. He notably held the posts of Secretary at War, Southern Secretary and Paymaster of the Forces, from which he enriched himself, but while widely tipped as a future Prime Minister, he never held that office. He was the father of Charles James Fox.
He was the second son of Sir Stephen Fox and his second wife the former Christiana Hope, and inherited a large share of his father's wealth. He squandered most of it soon after attaining his majority, and went to Continental Europe to escape from his creditors. There he made the acquaintance of a woman of fortune, who became his patroness and was so generous to him that, after several years’ absence, he was in a position to return home.
In 1735 he entered Parliament as Member for Hindon in Wiltshire. He became a protégé and devoted supporter of Sir Robert Walpole, the long-standing Prime Minister, achieving unequalled and unenviable proficiency in the worst political arts of his master and model. He earned particular notice with a speech in parliament calling on Britain to support its European allies, principally Austria. He generally aligned with the government Whigs rather than the Patriot Whig faction that opposed them. Until 1742 this meant the government of Walpole, but afterward. it was the government (1743-1754) of Henry Pelham to which he lent his support.
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