Henry Bartle Frere
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Sir Henry Bartle Frere, 1st Bt GCB GCSI |
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| Commissioner of Sind | |
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In office 1851–1859 |
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| Monarch | Victoria |
| Preceded by | Richard Keith Pringle |
| Succeeded by | Jonathan Duncan Inverarity |
| Governor of Bombay | |
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In office 1862–1867 |
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| Monarch | Victoria |
| Preceded by | Sir George Russell Clerk |
| Succeeded by | William Vesey-FitzGerald |
| High Commissioner for Southern Africa | |
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In office 1877–1880 |
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| Monarch | Victoria |
| Preceded by | Sir Henry Barkly |
| Succeeded by |
Henry Hugh Clifford acting |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 29 March 1815 Clydach, Monmouthshire, Wales |
| Died | 29 May 1884 (aged 69) Wimbledon, London, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Alma mater | East India Company College |
Sir Henry Bartle Edward Frere, 1st Baronet GCB GCSI (29 March 1815 – 29 May 1884) was a British colonial administrator. He had a successful career in India rising to become Governor of Bombay. However, as High Commissioner for Southern Africa, his attempt to impose a British confederation on the region led to the overthrow of the Cape's first elected government and to a string of regional wars, culminating in the invasion of Zululand and the First Boer War. He was recalled to London to face charges of misconduct and was officially censured for acting recklessly.
Frere was born at Clydach House, Clydach, Monmouthshire, the son of Edward Frere, manager of Clydach Ironworks, and Mary Ann Green. His elder sister, Mary Anne Frere, was born circa 1802 in Clydach, and his younger sister, Frances Anne Frere, was born circa 1819 in Clydach. He was the grandson of John Frere and a nephew of John Hookham Frere; William Frere; Bartholomew Frere; James Hatley Frere; and Temple Frere – canon of St Peters, Westminster. He was educated at the East India Company College, the precursor of Haileybury and Imperial Service College.
On 10 October 1844, he married Catherine Arthur (born c.1821 in Honduras), daughter of Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet, who was the Governor of Bombay and to whom he had been appointed private secretary two years earlier. Their children were: Mary Eliza Isabella Frere, born 1845 at Bitton, Gloucestershire; Catherine Frances Frere, born 1849 in the East Indies, who edited The Cookery Book of Lady Clark of Tillypronie in 1909; Georgina Hamilton Chichester Frere, born c.1850 in the East Indies; Bartle Compton Arthur Frere, born c.1855 in Paddington, Middlesex; and Eliza Frederica Jane Frere, born c.1857 in Wimbledon, London.
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