Hemisphere on the Earth

The Hemispheres of Earth in geography and cartography refer to any division of the globe into two hemispheres (from Ancient Greek ἡμισφαίριον hēmisphairion meaning "half of a sphere").

The most common such divisions are by latitudinal or longitudinal markers:

The East-West division can also be seen in a cultural sense, as a division into two cultural hemispheres.

However, other schemes have sought to divide the planet in a way that maximizes the preponderance of one geographic feature or another in each division:

...
Wikipedia