Helen Magill White

Helen Magill White
White seen in 1873, at the time of her graduation from Swarthmore
Born	November 28, 1853 (1853-11-28) Providence, Rhode Island
Died	October 28, 1944 (1944-10-29) (aged 90) Kittery Point, Maine
Occupation	First American female Ph.D.

Helen Magill White (November 28, 1853 – October 28, 1944) was an American academic and instructor. She holds the distinction as the first woman to earn a Ph.D. in the United States.

She was born Helen Magill in Providence, Rhode Island, to Edward Hicks Magill and his wife. Theirs was a Quaker family. Helen was brought up to believe that she deserved the same education as a man. In 1859, the family moved to Boston, Massachusetts, where Helen enrolled as the only female student in the Boston Public Latin School. Her father taught French and Latin there for three years, and he was promoted to submaster.

In 1869, her father joined the faculty of the new Swarthmore College which was founded by Quakers in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, near Philadelphia. Helen enrolled as an undergraduate. In 1871 her father was selected as the college's second president, serving for 17 years. The younger Magill graduated as a member of the Class of 1873, Swarthmore's first graduating class (five women and one man).

Magill attended graduate school at Boston University, earning her Ph.D. in Greek in 1877. She was the first woman to earn a Ph.D. in the United States. Magill traveled to England, studying at the University of Cambridge and placing third in her 1881 tripos (honors examinations) at Newnham College.

After serving as the principal for a year at a private school in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, Magill was selected in 1883 to organize Howard Collegiate Institute in West Bridgewater, Massachusetts. She was the director of Howard until 1887, when she resigned. She taught for a short amount of time at Evelyn College for Women, a women's annex to Princeton University. Suffering from an illness, she taught high school for a few years.