Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
| Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier | |
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| Argued October 13, 1987 Decided January 13, 1988 |
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| Full case name | Hazelwood School District, et al. v. Kuhlmeier, et al. |
| Docket nos. | 86-836 |
| Citations | 484 U.S. 260 (more)
108 S. Ct. 562; 98 L. Ed. 2d 592; 1985 U.S. LEXIS 310; 56 U.S.L.W. 4079; 14 Media L. Rep. 2081
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| Argument | Oral argument |
| Prior history | On writ of certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit |
| Holding | |
| The Court held that speech that can be reasonably viewed to have the school's imprimatur can be regulated by the school if the school has a legitimate pedagogical concern in regulating the speech. | |
| Court membership | |
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| Case opinions | |
| Majority | White, joined by Rehnquist, Stevens, O'Connor, Scalia |
| Dissent | Brennan, joined by Marshall, Blackmun |
| Laws applied | |
| U.S. Const. amend. I | |
Hazelwood School District et al. v. Kuhlmeier et al., 484 U.S. 260 (1988), was a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that held that public school curricular student newspapers that have not been established as forums for student expression are subject to a lower level of First Amendment protection than independent student expression or newspapers established (by policy or practice) as forums for student expression.
The case concerned the censorship of two articles in The Spectrum, the student newspaper of Hazelwood East High School in St. Louis County, Missouri,1983. When the school principal removed an article concerning divorce and another concerning teen pregnancy, the student journalists sued, claiming that their First Amendment rights had been violated. A lower court sided with the school, but its decision was overturned by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, which sided with the students.
In a 5-3 decision rendered in 1988, the Supreme Court overturned the circuit court's decision, determining that school administrators could exercise prior restraint of school-sponsored expression, such as newspapers and assembly speeches, if the censorship is "reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical concerns". In this, school-sponsored newspapers are considered limited public forums of expression.
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