Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park | |
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IUCN category II (national park)
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Location in the Hawaiian Islands
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Location | Hawaii County, Hawaii, USA |
Nearest city | Hilo |
Coordinates | 19°23′N 155°12′W / 19.383°N 155.200°WCoordinates: 19°23′N 155°12′W / 19.383°N 155.200°W |
Area | 323,431 acres (1,308.88 km2) |
Established | August 1, 1916 |
Visitors | 1,887,580 (in 2016) |
Governing body | National Park Service |
Website | Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park |
Official name | Hawaii Volcanoes National Park |
Type | Natural |
Criteria | viii |
Designated | 1987 (11th session) |
Reference no. | 409 |
State Party | United States |
Region | Europe and North America |
Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, established in 1916, is a United States National Park located in the U.S. State of Hawaii on the island of Hawaii. It encompasses two active volcanoes: Kīlauea, one of the world's most active volcanoes, and Mauna Loa, the world's most massive shield volcano. The park delivers scientists insight into the birth of the Hawaiian Islands and ongoing studies into the processes of volcanism. For visitors, the park offers dramatic volcanic landscapes as well as glimpses of rare flora and fauna.
In recognition of its outstanding natural values, Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park was designated as an International Biosphere Reserve in 1980 and a World Heritage Site in 1987. In 2012 the Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park was honored on the 14th quarter of the America the Beautiful Quarters series.
The park includes 323,431 acres (505.36 sq mi; 1,308.88 km2) of land. Over half of the park is designated the Hawaii Volcanoes Wilderness area and provides unusual hiking and camping opportunities. The park encompasses diverse environments that range from sea level to the summit of the Earth's most massive active volcano, Mauna Loa at 13,677 feet (4,169 m). Climates range from lush tropical rain forests, to the arid and barren Kaʻū Desert.
Active eruptive sites include the main caldera of Kīlauea and a more active but remote vent called Puʻu ʻŌʻō.