Har Dayal
| Lala Har Dayal | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Religion | Hinduism |
| Philosophy | Universal Fraternity |
| Personal | |
| Born | Har Dayal singh 14 October 1884 Delhi, Punjab, British India |
| Died | 4 March 1939 (aged 54) Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) U.S. |
| Religious career | |
| Guru | Lala Lajpat Rai |
| Literary works | Our Educational Problem, Thoughts on Education, Hints for Self Culture, Glimpses of World Religions and The Bodhisatva Doctrines in Buddhist Sanskrit Literature |
| Honors | Master of Letters |
Lala Har Dayal (in Punjabi ਲਾਲਾ ਹਰਦਿਆਲ; born 14 October 1884, Delhi, India – died 4 March 1939, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) was an Indian nationalist revolutionary. He was a polymath who turned down a career in the Indian Civil Service. His simple living and intellectual acumen inspired many expatriate Indians living in Canada and the USA to fight against British Imperialism during the First World War.
He was born on 14 October 1884 at Delhi. Har Dayal was the sixth of seven children of Bholi Rani and Gauri Dayal Mathur. His father was a Reader in the District Court. Lala is not so much a surname as a sub-caste designation, within the Kayastha community, but it is generally termed as an honorific title for writers such as the word Pandit which is used for knowledgeable persons in other Hindu communities. At an early age he was influenced by Arya Samaj. He was associated with Shyam Krishnavarma, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and Bhikaji Cama. He also drew inspiration from Giuseppe Mazzini, Karl Marx and Mikhail Bakunin. He was, according to Emily Brown as quoted by Juergensmeyer, "in sequence an atheist, a revolutionary, a Buddhist, and a pacifist".
He studied at the Cambridge Mission School and received his bachelor's degree in Sanskrit from St. Stephen's College, Delhi, India and his master's degree also in Sanskrit from Punjab University. In 1905, he received two scholarships of Oxford University for his higher studies in Sanskrit: (Boden Scholarship, 1907 and Casberd Exhibitioner, and award from St John's College, where he was studying. In a letter to The Indian Sociologist, published in 1907, he started to explore anarchist ideas, arguing that "our object is not to reform government, but to reform it's [sic?] away, leaving, if necessary only nominal traces of it's [sic?] existence." The letter led to him being put under surveillance by the police. Later that year, saying "To Hell with the ICS", he gave up the prestigious Oxford scholarships and returned to India in 1908 to live a life of austerity. But in India too, he started writing harsh articles in the leading news papers, When the British Government decided to impose a ban upon his writing Lala Lajpat Rai advised him to leave and go abroad. It was during this period that he came into the friendship of the anarchist Guy Aldred, who was put on trial for printing The Indian Sociologist.
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