Hapax legomena

In corpus linguistics, a hapax legomenon (/ˈhæpəks lɪˈɡɒmɪnɒn/ also /ˈhæpæks/ or /ˈheɪpæks/; from the Greek ἅπαξ λεγόμενον, pl. hapax legomena; sometimes abbreviated to hapax) is a word that occurs only once within a context, either in the written record of an entire language, in the works of an author, or in a single text. The term is sometimes incorrectly used to describe a word that occurs in just one of an author's works, but more than once in that particular work. Hapax legomenon is a transliteration of Greek ἅπαξ λεγόμενον, meaning "(something) being said (only) once". However, the correct greek term is ἅπαξ εἰρημένον "(something that has) been said (only) once". Although some writers use the plural form hapaxes, this is non-standard, given the fact that "once" cannot have a plural. The correct plural form is hapax legomena or hapax eirimena.

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